2026, Number 1
Cir Card Mex 2026; 11 (1)
Designing the ideal training program for cardiothoracic surgery in the modern era
Calderón-Abbo, Moisés C; García-Villarreal, Ovidio A
ABSTRACT
The landscape of cardiothoracic surgery has undergone significant evolution over the past 15 years, driven by advances in minimally invasive techniques, endovascular procedures, robotic technology, and mechanical circulatory support. Consequently, training programs must adapt to prepare residents for the broad spectrum of modern cardiothoracic practice. This article proposes a framework for the ideal hospital and cardiothoracic surgery residency program, emphasizing infrastructure, faculty expertise, and structured rotations that reflect contemporary surgical demands. Pediatric and adult care should be integrated, and conventional surgery, although less frequent in some centers, remains essential.